EFFECTS OF LIGHT SPECTRA AND INTENSITY ON MUSHROOM GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Author:-B.venkata lakshmi trainee in ANANTH AGRI SERVICES, GORANTLA-515231.
E-MAIL:- venkatalakshmi@cropcog.in
Abstract:-
Proper light is essential for the formation and development of macrofungi fruiting bodies. Currently, there are unclear treatment conditions, such as light quality and light intensity, in the production of Pleurotus eryngii in intensive cultivation facilities, which is not helpful to the formation and implementation of standardized production programs. The research discussed in this paper investigated the effects of different light quality and intensity conditions on the yield and quality of P. eryngii. The results showed that the yield and nutritional quality of the red light treatment samples were higher than those of the white light control, the commercial properties were good, and the energy consumption of the red LED light source was the lowest under the same light intensity. The results of this experiment further provide a reference for the energy-saving and high-quality cultivation of P. eryngii.
Introduction:-
Light, as an important environmental factor, plays an important regulatory role in the growth, development and physiological metabolism of organisms. Light can provide a source of energy for plant photosynthesis , and it also plays an important role in regulating the growth and development of fungi and the metabolism of secondary substances as an external environmental signal.
For most macrofungi, light is one of the environmental conditions necessary to induce primordia differentiation and to regulate the normal growth of fruiting bodies.
Light treatments can make P. ostreatus and Coprinus sp.and other basidiomycetes primordia to differentiate normally into well-developed fruiting bodies. On the other hand, the primordia of samples under dark treatment were unable to develop normally such that the basidium could not undergo normal nucleation and therefore the samples could not complete their sexual life history. Light is also essential for the normal differentiation of ascomycetes stromata such as C. militaris.
Light is one of the essential environmental conditions for the differentiation and further development of Pleurotus sajor-caju and Volvariella volvacea fruiting bodies. However, different light source irradiation treatments had differential effects on the differentiation of macrofungal fruiting bodies. Yellow light of a certain intensity had a strong inductive effect on the formation of primordia of Sparassis Crispa. Blue light had an important role in promoting the formation of Schizophyllum commune primordia and the development of fruiting bodies . Blue light was also important for the maturation of the primordia of Lentinula edodes, which are darker in color. The effects of different light treatments on Hypsizygus marmoreus primordia formation were significantly different, with slower cap differentiation in red light and dark treatments and a faster cap differentiation in green light.Light treatment accelerated the growth of Alnicola lactariolens and Hebeloma vinosophyllum fruiting bodies. While the stipe length became shorter and larger in diameter as the light intensity gradually increased, the cap diameter of both fungi differed with light intensity, with the cap diameter increasing and the stipe length decreasing as the light duration increased.
Light treatment can regulate the content of macrofungal metabolites, and light is essential for carotenoid synthesis in C. militaris. The carotenoid content was significantly higher under blue light than under natural light. White light favored the accumulation of cordycepin in the stromata of C. militaris, but the effect of different light conditions on the adenosine content was not significant. Light also regulated the production of Isaria farinosa pigments , with a red light treatment showing the greatest activity of L. edodes mycelium extracellular enzymes. Green and blue light treatments had a positive effect on the accumulation of polysaccharides, soluble proteins and polyphenols. Light treatment promoted the production of L-ascorbic acid-like substances in the mycelia of P. ostreatus, which also induced the formation of primordia to some extent.
Pleurotus eryngii var. eryngii is a well-known edible fungus that is widely distributed in the subtropical Mediterranean region as well as in central Europe and Asia. With its soft texture and unique almond-like flavor, it is favored by edible mushroom lovers and gourmets around the world and has a promising market. It is rich in protein, polysaccharides, fiber and other nutrients.
Conclusion:-
From the above case study,we can conclude that Light plays a crucial role in the growth and development of mushrooms and production of mushrooms also depends on light intensity.
Reference:-
Zonghan YUE – EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LIGHT QUALITIES AND INTENSITIES ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF FACILITY- GROWN Pleurotus eryngii.